Discusses all aspects from starting powder, spraying parameters, diagnostics, and coating deposition Explores schematics to highlight the conceptual notes Includes multiple case studies from aerospace, biomedical, manufacturing, wettability, etc. domains to highlight practical application of the thermally sprayed coatings Covers classification of thermal spray techniques Contains solved example, numerical problems and descriptive questions for self-assessment.

Many varieties of new, complex diseases are constantly being discovered, which leaves scientists with little choice but to embrace innovative methods for controlling the invasion of life-threatening problems. The use of nanotechnology has given scientists an opportunity to create nanomaterials that could help medical professionals in diagnosing and treating problems quickly and effectively. Bioengineered Nanomaterials presents in-depth information on bioengineered nanomaterials currently being developed in leading research laboratories around the world. In particular, the book focuses on nanomaterials for biomedical applications. This collection brings together novel methodologies and strategies adopted in the research and development of bioengineered nanomaterials and technology. Renowned international researchers discuss topics including: Nanoemulsions as a vaccine adjuvant Bioceramic nanomaterials in medical applications Natural and synthetic nanoporous membranes for cell encapsulation therapy Inorganic nanoparticle materials for the controlled release of drugs Nanomedicine in brain tumor treatment Nanoparticles for the treatment of solid tumors and metastasis Near-infrared-resonant gold nanoshells and carbon nanotubes in tumor imaging Toxicity testing and bioapplications of silver nanoparticles Innovative approaches to improve bioactive properties and molecular signaling in cells to stimulate bone repair The book is written for readers from diverse backgrounds across chemistry, physics, materials science and engineering, medical science, pharmacy, biotechnology, and biomedical engineering. It offers a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on nanomaterials of biotechnological importance.

Magnetic Nanostructured Materials: From Lab to Fab presents a complete overview of the translation of nanostructured materials into realistic applications, drawing on the most recent research in the field to discuss the fundamentals, synthesis and characterization of nanomagnetics. A wide spectrum of nanomagnetic applications is included, covering industrial, environmental and biomedical fields, and using chemical, physical and biological methods. Materials such as Fe, Co, CoxC, MnGa, GdSi, ferrite nanoparticles and thin films are highlighted, with their potential applications discussed, such as magnetic refrigeration, energy harvesting, magnetic sensors, hyperthermia, MRI, drug delivery, permanent magnets, and data storage devices. Offering interdisciplinary knowledge on the materials science of nanostructured materials and magnetics, this book will be of interest to researchers in materials science, engineering, physics and chemistry with interest in magnetic nanomaterials, as well as postgraduate students and professionals in industry and government.

Graphene Bioelectronics covers the expending field of graphene biomaterials, a wide span of biotechnological breakthroughs, opportunities, possibilities and challenges. It is the first book that focuses entirely on graphene bioelectronics, covering the miniaturization of bioelectrode materials, bioelectrode interfaces, high-throughput biosensing platforms, and systemic approaches for the development of electrochemical biosensors and bioelectronics for biomedical and energy applications. The book also showcases key applications, including advanced security, forensics and environmental monitoring. Thus, the evolution of these scientific areas demands innovations in crosscutting disciplines, starting from fabrication to application. This book is an important reference resource for researchers and technologists in graphene bioelectronics-particularly those working in the area of harvest energy biotechnology-employing state-of-the-art bioelectrode materials techniques.

Environmental education is life long process with the objectives of importing to its target group in the formal and non formal education sectors environmental awareness ecological knowledge, attitude values commitment for actions and ethical responsibilities for rational use of resources and for sound & sustainable development. Environmental education emphasis the teaching of the holistic nature of environment through interdisciplinary and problem solving approaches. The primary school is the natural place to introduce children to environmental education, since at this level they instinctively have holistic view of the environment. They have yet not been trained to compartmentalize their learning into separate subject as they will have to do in secondary & higher education. Introducing critical thinking & problem solving approaches in Environmental education especially in Primary School level, is fundamental if students are to become skillful in the identification and solution of environment problems as student and later on as adult citizen and possible decision makers.

Education is a basic human right that increases the economic, social and political opportunities available to men and women. After independence the Indian Government has expressed a strong commitment towards education for all. It is too obvious that Uttar Pradesh (State) is a truly diverse state representing diversity not only in geographical locations but in socio-cultural aspects too. It is a micro-study of a KGBV (Katuraba Gandhi Balika Vidhyalaya) to get more realistic picture. Eastern U.P. has its own historical, political, economic and social-cultural characteristics and has more cultural barriers for girls education. Thus a KGBV located in district Ballia is selected. Hence it is pertinent to enquire that what the contributions are of this scheme in providing academic support to disadvantaged girls in terms of teaching-learning atmosphere and what are the levels of achievement of girls studying in KGBVs? Besides these after the National Evaluation 2007 new revised guidelines for the implementation of KGBVs are laid down by the Government of India.The study focus on the availability and quality of physical

Soft Computing is a complex of methodologies that embraces approximate reasoning, imprecision, uncertainty and partial truth in order to mimic the remarkable human capability of making decisions in real-life, ambiguous environments. Soft Computing has therefore become popular in developing systems that encapsulate human expertise. Applications of Soft Computing: Recent Trends contains a collection of papers that were presented at the 10th Online World Conference on Soft Computing in Industrial Applications, held in September 2005. This carefully edited book provides a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in the industrial applications of soft computing and covers a wide range of application areas, including optimisation, data analysis and data mining, computer graphics and vision, prediction and diagnosis, design, intelligent control, and traffic and transportation systems. The book is aimed at researchers and professional engineers who are engaged in developing and applying intelligent systems. It is also suitable as wider reading for science and engineering postgraduate students.

Bio-nanocomposites form a unique class of a research area that integrates biology, chemistry, materials science, engineering and nanotechnology to present an interdisciplinary approach for solving of problems. In today's world, bio-nanocomposites are becoming increasingly prevalent due to the extraordinary properties that they possess. Scientists learn to select suitable matrices (eg: aliphatic polyesters, polypeptides and proteins, polysaccharides, and polynucleic acids) and fillers (eg: nanotubes, nanofibers, clay nanoparticles, hydroxyapetite and metal nanoparticles) and alter their chemistry and structure to suit the target field. This book provides the most recent research made in the field of bio-nanocomposites as applied to biomedical fields including drug-delivery, biosensors, cancer diagnosis, and tissue engineering.

This book intends to provide an up-to-date introduction to the fascinating field of carbohydrate polymers and their development, properties and applications. The focus of the book is on the basic concepts and recent developments in the field, particularly in the areas of structure, synthesis and processing, characterisations, advanced-state properties, and applications. The book is written for a large readership including university students and researchers from diverse backgrounds such as chemistry, materials science, physics, biological science and engineering. It can be used not only as a text book for both undergraduate and graduate students, but also as a review and reference book for researchers in the polymers, bioengineering, pharmacy, biotechnology and nanotechnology.

WSC2008Chair's Welcome Message Dear Colleague, The World Soft Computing (WSC) conference is an annual international online conference on applied and theoretical soft computing technology. This WSC 2008 is the thirteenth conference in this series and it has been a great success. We received a lot of excellent paper submissions which were peer-reviewed by an international team of experts. Only60 papers out of111 submissions were selected for online publication. This assured a high quality standard for this online conference. The corresponding online statistics are a proof of the great world-wide interest in the WSC 2008 conference. The conference website had a total of33,367di?erent human user accessesfrom43 countries with around100 visitors every day,151 people signed up to WSC to discuss their scienti?c disciplines in our chat rooms and the forum. Also audio and slide presentations allowed a detailed discussion of the papers. The submissions and discussions showed that there is a wide range of soft computing applications to date. The topics covered by the conference range from applied to theoretical aspects of fuzzy, neuro-fuzzy and rough sets over to neural networks to single and multi-objective optimisation. Contributions aboutparticleswarmoptimisation, geneexpressionprogramming, clustering, classi?cation, supportvectormachines, quantumevolutionandagentsystems have also been received. One whole session was devoted to soft computing techniques in computer graphics, imaging, vision and signal processing.

Smart polymers for biomedical applications are presently one focuses in biomedical materials research. Smart polymers are becoming increasingly more prevalent as scientists learn about the chemistry and triggers that induce conformational changes in polymer structures and devise ways to take advantage of, and control them. New polymeric materials are being chemically formulated that sense specific environmental changes in biological systems, and adjust in a predictable manner, making them useful tools for drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensor design, wound healing and other metabolic control mechanisms. In this relatively new area of biotechnology, many advances are made in the recent years, but no latest books or edited collections have well summarised the recent advances. This book is the only book that has latest research developments on smart-polymeric materials for biomedical applications which include drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensors, wound healing and many other allied fields.

Many varieties of new, complex diseases are constantly being discovered, which leaves scientists with little choice but to embrace innovative methods for controlling the invasion of life-threatening problems. The use of nanotechnology has given scientists an opportunity to create nanomaterials that could help medical professionals in diagnosing and treating problems quickly and effectively. Bioengineered Nanomaterials presents in-depth information on bioengineered nanomaterials currently being developed in leading research laboratories around the world. In particular, the book focuses on nanomaterials for biomedical applications. This collection brings together novel methodologies and strategies adopted in the research and development of bioengineered nanomaterials and technology. Renowned international researchers discuss topics including: Nanoemulsions as a vaccine adjuvant Bioceramic nanomaterials in medical applications Natural and synthetic nanoporous membranes for cell encapsulation therapy Inorganic nanoparticle materials for the controlled release of drugs Nanomedicine in brain tumor treatment Nanoparticles for the treatment of solid tumors and metastasis Near-infrared-resonant gold nanoshells and carbon nanotubes in tumor imaging Toxicity testing and bioapplications of silver nanoparticles Innovative approaches to improve bioactive properties and molecular signaling in cells to stimulate bone repair The book is written for readers from diverse backgrounds across chemistry, physics, materials science and engineering, medical science, pharmacy, biotechnology, and biomedical engineering. It offers a comprehensive view of cutting-edge research on nanomaterials of biotechnological importance.